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Combustion Air SystemsEffects of Insufficient Combustion Air on Draft and Heating Systems:For the proper operation and venting of gas or oil heating appliances, sufficient outside air must be supplied to the structure to make up for the air lost from venting heating appliances, fireplaces, clothes dryers, exhaust fans and other building air losses. Insufficient combustion air can cause major problems for proper draft and operation of both gas and oil heating systems. For years it has been assumed that when a heating appliance was located in an unconfined area, there was sufficient air for both ventilation and combustion. Today, in most cases that is not true! With new construction, standards for building insulation and energy efficient windows and doors have reduced the amount of air changes per hour. The combustion and make up air requirements in the codes are based on 1/2 air changes per hour. For newer homes and conversion of electrically heated homes, the air changes could be reduced to 1/3 or less air changes per hour. Air problems are most notable on the coldest days when heat loss is the greatest and there is a chance that windows or doors are closed for an extended period of time.When installing new equipment or troubleshooting problem equipment, the first determination that needs to be made is whether the equipment is located in a confined or unconfined space. In accordance with NFPA 31 and NFPA 54, an unconfined space is defined as follows: Any space whose volume is equal to or greater than 50 cubic feet per 1,000 BTU (or 20 BTU/Cubic Foot). This is calculated on the sum of the total input ratings of all fuel burning appliances installed in that space. Only areas connected to the space that have no doors or with fully louvered doors can be considered part of the unconfined space. Note: If the actual free area of the louvers is not known, wood louvers are assumed to have a 20% to 25% free opening. Metal louvers or grills are assumed to have 60% to 70% free opening. 
Calculating Confined SpaceDetermine the maximum total input firing rate allowable in a room without modification.Example: Boiler room 20x30x8 = 4,800cu ft. 4,800 cu. ft. x 1,000BTU/50cu. ft. = 96,000 BTU 96,000 BTU x 1 gph #2 fuel/140,000 BTU = 0.69 GPH Result: If you fire greater than 0.69 GPH or 96,000 BTU's you will need additional combustion air. To add air from an adjacent room, two openings between the room could be made 12 inches above the floor and 12 inches below the ceiling. The size of these openings is based on 1 square inch per 1,000 BTU input. To add air directly from the outside of the structure, two openings could be made. The size of these openings is based on 1 square inch per 4,000 BTU input. The above requirements are based on guidelines in NFPA 31 or NFPA 54. Alternately, if operating in a confined space, additional air may be added by a duct to the outside, sized on 1 square inch per 5,000 BTU input. According to NFPA 54 and NFPA 31, an Engineered system such as a CAS-3, 4, 4Jr., 6 or 7 may be used to overcome a confined space. |
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Combustion Air Systems CAS-4Jr.™
CAS-3 (Oil) and CAS-4 (Gas)These models are designed to provide combustion air for appliances when direct connection to the burner is not possible. According to NFPA 54 and NFPA 31, an engineered system such as a CAS-3, 4, 6 or 7 may be used to overcome the lack of air in a confined space. The CAS-3 is designed for use with oil appliances. The CAS-4 is for use with gas appliances with 24 VAC gas valve controls. The CAS-4MV is for use with 750mV power pile gas appliances. Each is designed for optimum safety and includes a proving device that won't allow the burner to engage without the Fan-in-a-Can® operating. Multiple units or additional controls are required for multiple appliance installations. Each is equipped with a two speed control for enhanced versatility.How the CAS-3 and CAS-4 workWhen the thermostat calls for heat, the Fan-in-a-Can
For multiple appliances, the following additional controls should be used.
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Installation Specifications
CAS-4Jr.™The Fan-in-a-Can, Jr. is designed for gas appliances up to 110,000 BTU/hr input. A 4” intake Air Hood (IAH) is included along with mounting brackets to secure the Fan-in-a-Can, Jr. to a wall. It may be used with a residential water heater with the addition of control kit CK-20 FV/FG.
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Make-Up Air System
Whole House Make-Up Air SystemThe Field Make-Up Air System solves the “sick house syndrome” caused by too tight home construction. This unique system provides fresh air automatically, using no electricity or special controls. And it actually meters the air flow to keep the home balanced. The result is evenly distributed, tempered air that keeps the home fresh, the furnace efficient and the occupants comfortable.The Field Make-Up Air System consists of an Intake Air Hood which is installed through the wall to allow outside air in. The hood is connected via flexible 6" duct or standard duct pipe (not included) to our metering air device. This device effectively meters the air inflow for proper air circulation, combustion, and balance. When to use the MAS
• Stale air problems. • Too tight house construction. • Inadequate air changes. • Window condensation problems. How the MAS worksThe furnace (A) ignites and the fan engages, pulling air through the return air plenum (B). The Metering Air Device (C) reacts to the negative pressure, opening to allow fresh air to enter via the Intake Air Hood (D) and the duct pipe (E). As the pressure inside the home changes, the system reacts to keep the fresh air flow constant. The system is adjustable for homes from 1000 to 3000 square feet.
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SWG “Sealed Combustion System”For New Installation or Upgrade of Existing SWG Systems
1. SWG Power Vent System: The patented design provides 100% negative pressure to prevent CO leakage and maintain consistent appliance draft.2. CK-Control Kit: Operates the venter and burner motor simultaneously with optional delay oil valve. 3. Combustion Air Tee: Provides a middle pipe to insulate between hot exhaust gases and cooler combustion air, reducing potential for condensation formation and allowing for connection to SWG series power venters. 4. RC Draft Control: Maintains manufacturer’s overfire draft specifications for standard oil burning equipment. 5. Field AirBoot®: Allows for direct connection and quick setup on standard oil burners. Patented design provides accurate combustion airflow control for optimal operation of the burner. 6. VRV - Vacuum Relief Valve: Ensures safe operation in case combustion air inlet becomes blocked for any reason, and can be used to temper intake air. 7. FurnaceBoot™: This airboot features a telescopic function that allows it to fit inside closed burner furnace cabinets 18"-24". It is designed specifically for the Beckett AFG Burner. 8. WMO - Safety Switch: Supplied with Control Kit. Follow steps A through D to select the proper components for the SWG Sealed Combustion System. If an SWG is already installed, start at step B.
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Control Kits(Required to OperateSWG/CV Power Venters) Control Kits (CK) control the operation of SWG/CV Power Venters. See the chart below to select the proper kit for your application. Control Kits can also control the operation of Field Draft Inducers.
Control Kit Installation
CK-63 remote mounted. For use with 120 VAC oil-fired systems. Electronic post purge is included (shown with cover off). |
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